A tsunami (plural: tsunamis or tsunami; from Japanese: 津波, lit. "harbour wave";[1] English pronunciation: /suːˈnɑːmi/ soo-nah-mee or/tsuːˈnɑːmi/ tsoo-nah-mee[2]) , also known as a seismic sea wave, is a series of water waves caused by the displacement of a large volume of a body of water, generally an ocean or a large lake. Earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and other underwater explosions (including detonations of underwater nuclear devices), landslides, glacier calvings, meteorite impacts and other disturbances above or below water all have the potential to generate a tsunami.[3]
Tsunami waves do not resemble normal sea waves, because their wavelength is far longer. Rather than appearing as a breaking wave, a tsunami may instead initially resemble a rapidly rising tide, and for this reason they are often referred to as tidal waves. Tsunamis generally consist of a series of waves with periods ranging from minutes to hours, arriving in a so-called "wave train".[4] Wave heights of tens of metres can be generated by large events. Although the impact of tsunamis is limited to coastal areas, their destructive power can be enormous and they can affect entire ocean basins; the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami was among the deadliest and most published natural disasters in human history with at least 290,000 people, including tourists from all over the world killed or missing in 14 countries bordering the Indian Ocean. The 1908 Messina earthquake and tsunami took about 123,000 [5] lives on in Sicily and Calabria, southern Italy but went much less in the public discussion. The difference in attention economy is generally not based on the amount of victims, but in the stability and status of the specific survivor population and its culture of remembrance of a certain disaster.
The Greek historian Thucydides suggested in his late-5th century BC History of the Peloponnesian War, that tsunamis were related to submarine earthquakes,[6][7] but the understanding of a tsunami's nature remained slim until the 20th century and much remains unknown. Major areas of current research include trying to determine why some large earthquakes do not generate tsunamis while other smaller ones do; trying to accurately forecast the passage of tsunamis across the oceans; and also to forecast how tsunami waves would interact with specific shorelines.
海啸在许多西方语言中称为“tsunami”，词源自日语“津波”，即“港边的波浪”（“津”即“港”）。这也显示出了日本是一个经常遭受海啸袭击的国家。汉字又称海溢。台语称海涨（hái-tiòng）。“tsunami”一词，在1963年的国际科学会议上正式列入国际术语。目前，人类对地震、火山、海啸等突如其来的灾变，只能通过观察、预测来预防或减少它们所造成的损失，但还不能阻止它们的发生。
中国最早在汉朝就已有对海啸的纪录，在中国古书记载的海溢、海潮溢、海吼、海唑、海沸都是指海啸[1]。
这是一种波长极长的重力波。若是发生于在近岸浅水海域，波浪因深度渐浅而波高骤增，可造成严重灾害。此波于大洋中传递极快，每秒速度可超过二百米。在地震发生处的波动可能只有0.1米到5 米的高度，波长却可能是1500 公里。随着水波传到岸边波长会缩短到5 公里，高度却可达到50 米。中国浙江海宁的钱塘潮就是世界奇观之一。
海啸通常由震源在海底下500公里以内、里氏地震规模6.5以上的海底地震引起。海啸波长比海洋的最大深度还要大，在海底附近传播也没受多大阻滞，不管海洋深度如何，波都可以传播过去，海啸在海洋的传播速度大约是每小时五百到一千公里，而相邻两个浪头的距离也可能远达500到650公里，当海啸波进入陆坡后，由于深度变浅，波高突然增大，它的这种波浪运动所卷起的海涛，波高可达数十米，并形成“水墙”。由地震引起的波动与海面上的海浪不同，一般海浪只在一定深度的水层波动，而地震所引起的水体波动是从海面到海底整个水层的起伏。
此外，海底火山爆发，土崩及人为的水底核爆，或者是陨石撞击都会造成海啸，“水墙”可达百尺。而且陨石造成的海啸在任何水域也有机会发生，不一定在地震带。不过陨石造成的海啸可能千年才会发生一次。海啸等自然灾害都会产生次声波，大象可以听到次声波，对远处发生的火山地震都会有反应，例如2004年印度洋大地震产生的海啸，由于大象听到海啸产生的次声波，不听主人指挥，快速离开现场，乘坐大象的游客才得以生还。[来源请求]
海潮暴涨有可能是海啸所引起，也可能是台风所引起。近地海啸所引起的海潮暴涨通常伴随着地震，远洋地震所引起的海啸则不会感受到地震动。而台风所引起的海啸则伴随强风。史籍上若提到地大震，之后海潮暴涨，则海啸的可能性极大。然而多数记载只提到海潮暴涨，并无其他说明，是否是地震海啸就有待进一步探讨。因此将史籍上所述之海啸或疑海啸，以海啸信度表示其发生之可能性。
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Mid Autumn Festival, GM gives answers or predictions for 2015 upon a "Divine Invocation Table":
This is only one of a long list asked.
This is only one of a long list asked.
問：2015年是否有海嘯？Is there likelihood of Tsunami in 2015?
答：90%
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［［ 欲界（梵文：कामधातु，kāma-dhātu），佛教术语，世界的三种区域之一，与色界、无色界并称为三界。
欲界是由欲乐（kāma）与界二者形成的复合字，在此界是由物质主导，以追求欲乐为主，故而得名。欲界包含天、人、阿修罗、畜生、饿鬼、地狱等六道 六种不同境界。
若说欲界中的天界“欲界天”，则是相较于更高层次的另两个天（色界及无色界）之后最低一个；生于此道者有色身（物质身），亦有男女饮食之欲。
欲界天可再细分为六层：四天王天、忉利天（又称三十三天，天主为帝释天）、夜摩天、兜率天、化乐天、他化自在天。］］
欲界是由欲乐（kāma）与界二者形成的复合字，在此界是由物质主导，以追求欲乐为主，故而得名。欲界包含天、人、阿修罗、畜生、饿鬼、地狱等六道 六种不同境界。
若说欲界中的天界“欲界天”，则是相较于更高层次的另两个天（色界及无色界）之后最低一个；生于此道者有色身（物质身），亦有男女饮食之欲。
欲界天可再细分为六层：四天王天、忉利天（又称三十三天，天主为帝释天）、夜摩天、兜率天、化乐天、他化自在天。］］
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Hahaha!
What a scary experience!
The waters just rolled in with great speed, even running also won't escape them!
Within seconds, low-rise buildings or houses like 2 or 3 storeys ones were submerged!
I was watching from Kama-dhatu, Desire Realm, the Heavenly section!
Yes! The waves shot pretty high up to Heaven!
Why Kama-dhatu?
Because there are people gambling where I am! :
The premises, residence of my late aunt.
She has visitors over, and a mahjong session is in progress.
My aunt is preparing drinks for her guests.
I am looking out a window, witnessing the Tsunami!
Asking GM silently for a solution, I was instructed to elevate the Living beings, so they will not be submerged or drown by the strongly surging waves.
The Great Calamity Mantra, 大救难咒, also surfaced in my mind.
It all boils down to One's Karma too.
Natural or Man-made disasters are no different.
Dear all,
Let us start to chant this Great Calamity Mantra daily or as often as you can.
Lets dedicate all to all beings, wishing them safe and well!
ta zi za za la 。ta zi lu luo li 。ma ha lu luo li 。a la mo la 。duo la 。soha
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Cheers all
Om Guru Lian Sheng Siddhi Hom
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