Link: http://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Five_wisdoms
Five wisdoms (Tib. ཡེ་ཤེས་ལྔ་, yeshe nga; Wyl. ye shes lnga) — five aspects of primordial wisdom (Tib. ཡེ་ཤེས་, yeshe). They are as follows:
- wisdom of dharmadhatu
- mirror-like wisdom
- wisdom of equality
- wisdom of discernment
- all-accomplishing wisdom
Sogyal Rinpoche writes:
- You can also think of the nature of mind like a mirror, with five different powers or 'wisdoms.'
- Its openness and vastness is the wisdom of all-encompassing space [or dharmadhatu], the womb of compassion.
- Its capacity to reflect in precise detail whatever comes before it is the mirror-like wisdom.
- Its fundamental lack of any bias toward any impression is the equalizing wisdom [or wisdom of equality].
- Its ability to distinguish clearly, without confusing in any way the various different phenomena that arise, is the wisdom of discernment.
- And its potential of having everything already accomplished, perfected, and spontaneously present is the all-accomplishing wisdom. (The Tibetan Book of Living and Dying, p. 157)
These five wisdoms may be condensed into two:
- ‘the wisdom that knows the nature of all phenomena’ which comprises the wisdom of the dharmadhatu, mirror-like wisdom and the wisdom of equality; and
- ‘the wisdom that knows the multiplicity of phenomena’ which comprises discriminating and all-accomplishing wisdom.
They can all be condensed into a single wisdom: the wisdom of omniscience.
五智如來
(名數)金剛界五智所成之五如來也。一大日如來,法界體性智所成。二阿閦如來,大圓鏡智所成。三寶生如來,平等性智所成。四無量壽如來,妙觀察智所成。五不空成就如來,成所作智所成。(參見:五智)。菩提心論曰:「東方阿閦佛因成大圓鏡智,亦名金剛智也。南方寶生佛由成平等性智,亦名灌頂智也。西方阿彌陀佛由成妙觀察智,亦名蓮華智,亦名轉法輪智也。北方不空成就佛,由成成所作智,亦名羯磨智也。中方毗廬遮那佛,由成法界智。」
Link: http://zh.wikisource.org/zh/%E4%BD%9B%E5%AD%B8%E5%A4%A7%E8%BE%AD%E5%85%B8/%E4%BA%94%E6%99%BA%E5%A6%82%E4%BE%86
密教所立佛身,则先有理智之别,而后明理智互具,不二也。金刚界属智,故称智法身。胎藏界属理,故称理法身。智法身者,转识而成者。显教言:转八识成四智,而成报身。今密教教更转第九识,而成五智,以为金刚界智法身之大日如来。言第九识者,八识外更加庵摩罗识,即白净识。
五智即阿啰钵舍囊arapacana的翻译,顺次为大圆镜智、平等性智、妙观察智、成所作智、法界体性智。在显教有四智说,密教结合法界体性智成为五智,相应代表金刚界五佛阿閦如来、宝生如来、阿弥陀如来、不空成就如来和大日如来,对应于胎藏界中台五佛。
五智即代表五部金刚部、宝部、莲花部、竭磨部、佛部。第九庵摩罗识转化为法界体性智,第八阿赖耶识转化为大圆镜智,第七末那识转化为平等性智,第六意识转化为妙观察智,前五识共同转化为成所作智(即转识成智)
若在瑜伽观想中,则佛部属于脐(脐莲花轮白色),金刚部属于心(心莲花轮红色),宝部属于脐下(座莲花轮金色),莲花部属于顶(顶莲花轮青色),竭磨部属喉(喉莲花轮墨绿色);大日如来为常住清净妙法身,阿閦如来属于自性法身,宝生如来为他受用身,不空成就如来为变化身;
依照发心直至成佛过程,从东南西北到中央,依次表示通达菩提心,修菩提心,成金刚心,证金刚身和佛身圆满;代表五佛智慧轮身的,依次为金刚萨埵、金刚藏王、文殊师利(或者观音)、金刚牙;五佛各有教令轮身:大日为不动明王,阿閦为降三世明王,宝生为军荼利明王,弥陀为大威德明王,不空为金刚夜叉明王;
在护摩修法中如果欲调服魔怨则修降三世明王法,如果欲增益则修军荼利明王法,如果欲求敬爱则修大威德明王法或者孔雀明王法,如果欲钩召有情则修金刚夜叉法,如果欲息灾则修不动明王法。
凡夫之九识,可成如来之五智。但此五智,不过一如来智慧之分为五分而已。实际上,五智必归合为一如来智,且随举一智,其他之四智,亦包含在内。金胎两部曼荼罗,各有五佛,即金刚界,中央五大月轮中,有大日、阿閦、宝生、无量寿、不空成就五佛。胎藏界,中台八叶院,有大日、宝幢、开敷华王、无量寿、天鼓雷音五佛。如是五尊,均表五智。大日如来五智具足,其余之四佛,亦各具五智。如是重重无尽。
Link: http://baike.baidu.com/view/1024119.htm
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