Pages

Sunday, November 22, 2015

二諦 Two Satya

Satya is the Sanskrit word for truth. It also refers to a virtue in Indian religions, referring to being truthful in one's thought, speech and action. 

In Yoga, satya is one of five yamas, the virtuous restraint from falsehood and distortion of reality in one's expressions and actions.
Link: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satya
~~~~~~~~~~~

The Buddhist doctrine of the two truths (Wylie: bden pa gnyis) differentiates between two levels of satya (Sanskrit), meaning truth or "really existing" in Buddhist discourse: relative or common-sensical truth or real, and absolute or ultimate truth or real.

The exact meaning varies between the various Buddhist schools and traditions. The best-known is the Madhyamaka interpretation, which says that conventional reality is the only reality that exists (relative truth), but that ultimately everything that exists is "empty", sunyata, of an inherent, everlasting "essence" (ultimate truth). 

Sunyata itself is also "empty" of such an essence; it is not an Absolute, but a statement about the true condition of "things."

The two truths doctrine has also influenced other Indian traditions, especially Advaita Vedanta.
Link: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two_truths_doctrine
~~~~~~~~~~~

【二谛】
Link: http://www.douban.com/note/170588100/

指真谛与俗谛。并称真俗二谛。谛,谓真实不虚之理。真谛,梵语parama^rtha- satya,巴利语 paramattha-sacca,又作胜义谛、第一义谛,即出世间之真理。俗谛,梵语 sam!vr!ti-satya,巴利语 sammuti-sacca,又作世俗谛、世谛,即世间之真理。南海寄归内法传卷四谓,世俗之事乃覆蔽世间之真理者,故俗谛又译作覆俗谛、覆谛。
~~~~~~~~~
印順法師佛學著作集
妙雲集中編之二『中觀今論』
Link: http://www.mahabodhi.org/files/yinshun/01/yinshun01-12.html
第十章 談二諦
第一節 總說

  二諦,為佛法中極根本的論題。佛法的目的,在乎引導眾生轉迷啟悟,而引 導的方法,即以二諦為本,故對二諦應求得確當的了解。嘉祥、窺基都有『二諦 章』,其他各派也無不重視。『中論』說:「諸佛依二諦,為眾生說法,一以世 俗諦,二第一義諦。若人不能知,分別於二諦,則於深佛法,不知真實義」。從 教義說,佛以二諦的方式為眾生說法,故對於二諦不能確當辨別,即對於佛法也 不能了解。『十二門論』說:「若不知二諦,則不知自利、他利、及共利」。修 學佛法,不外為了自利、利他、俱利,這可見修學佛法,應該對二諦徹底理解一 番! [P206]

  二諦即世俗諦、勝義諦,或譯作世諦、第一義諦,俗諦、真諦。佛依二諦說 法,二諦中最主要的,為凡聖二諦──或可名情智二諦、有空二諦。凡夫因迷情 妄執,不悟真理,凡情的境界,即常識的世界,是世俗有的,名為世俗諦。世、 是遷流義,俗、是浮虛不實義。依梵語,有覆障義,即凡情亂現虛妄不真而障於 真相的。勝義諦,是聖人智見體悟諸法本相,而非一般的認識所認識的。這是特 勝的真智界,故名勝義,即第一義諦。佛法教化眾生使它從迷啟悟,從凡入聖, 主要以此二諦為立教的根本方式。對二諦雖有各樣的解說,然主要是使眾生從迷 執境界轉入到聖覺的境界。眾生因無明妄執,計一切法為真實有的,由此引起生 死流轉。要使眾生解脫,即必要了悟諸法是非實有的,悟得法性本空為勝義諦。 所以「青目中論釋」說:「世俗諦者,一切法性空,而世間顛倒故,生虛妄法, 於世間是實。諸賢聖真知顛倒性故,知一切法皆空無生,於聖人是第一義諦,名 為實」。
~~~~~~~~~~~
Link: 

This 二諦 from 《洗髓经》原文 The Wash marrow sutra - 

Extract:
无常来迅速,身同少水鱼。显然如何救,福慧何日足?

四恩未能报,四缘未能离,四智未现前,三身未皈一。

默观法界中,四生三有备,六根六尘连,五蕴并三途,

天人阿修罗。六道各异趋,二谛未能融,六度未能具。

见见非是见,无明未能息。道眼未精明,眉毛未落地。

如何知见离,得了涅槃意?若能见非见,见所不能及。

~~~~~~~~~
六道各异趋 - Each individual rush towards the 6 paths or realms
二谛未能融 - The 2 Satya have still to merge
六度未能具 - 6 Paramita have yet to be all in hand.

Hahaha! I was reading through this sutra and got side-tracked by research into this [二谛未能融 - The 2 Satya have still to merge]! 


I had Fun though sharing.


Cheers all


Om Guru Lian Sheng Siddhi Hom
Lama Lotuschef

No comments:

Post a Comment