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Thursday, October 11, 2012

Five Wisdoms 5 智


Link: http://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Five_wisdoms

Five wisdoms (Tib. ཡེ་ཤེས་ལྔ་, yeshe ngaWyl. ye shes lnga) — five aspects of primordial wisdom (Tib. ཡེ་ཤེས་, yeshe). They are as follows:
  1. wisdom of dharmadhatu
  2. mirror-like wisdom
  3. wisdom of equality
  4. wisdom of discernment
  5. all-accomplishing wisdom
Sogyal Rinpoche writes:
You can also think of the nature of mind like a mirror, with five different powers or 'wisdoms.' 
Its openness and vastness is the wisdom of all-encompassing space [or dharmadhatu], the womb of compassion. 
Its capacity to reflect in precise detail whatever comes before it is the mirror-like wisdom
Its fundamental lack of any bias toward any impression is the equalizing wisdom [or wisdom of equality]. 
Its ability to distinguish clearly, without confusing in any way the various different phenomena that arise, is the wisdom of discernment
And its potential of having everything already accomplished, perfected, and spontaneously present is the all-accomplishing wisdom. (The Tibetan Book of Living and Dying, p. 157)
These five wisdoms may be condensed into two:
  • ‘the wisdom that knows the nature of all phenomena’ which comprises the wisdom of the dharmadhatu, mirror-like wisdom and the wisdom of equality; and
  • ‘the wisdom that knows the multiplicity of phenomena’ which comprises discriminating and all-accomplishing wisdom.
They can all be condensed into a single wisdom: the wisdom of omniscience.


五智如來

(名數)金剛界五智所成之五如來也。一大日如來,法界體性智所成。二阿閦如來,大圓鏡智所成。三寶生如來,平等性智所成。四無量壽如來,妙觀察智所成。五不空成就如來,成所作智所成。(參見:五智)。菩提心論曰:「東方阿閦佛因成大圓鏡智,亦名金剛智也。南方寶生佛由成平等性智,亦名灌頂智也。西方阿彌陀佛由成妙觀察智,亦名蓮華智,亦名轉法輪智也。北方不空成就佛,由成成所作智,亦名羯磨智也。中方毗廬遮那佛,由成法界智。」
Link: http://zh.wikisource.org/zh/%E4%BD%9B%E5%AD%B8%E5%A4%A7%E8%BE%AD%E5%85%B8/%E4%BA%94%E6%99%BA%E5%A6%82%E4%BE%86
 密教所立佛身,则先有理智之别,而后明理智互具,不二也。金刚界属智,故称智法身。胎藏界属理,故称理法身。智法身者,转识而成者。显教言:转八识成四智,而成报身。今密教教更转第九识,而成五智,以为金刚界智法身之大日如来。言第九识者,八识外更加庵摩罗识,即白净识。
五智即阿啰钵舍囊arapacana的翻译,顺次为大圆镜智、平等性智、妙观察智成所作智、法界体性智。在显教有四智说,密教结合法界体性智成为五智,相应代表金刚界五佛阿閦如来、宝生如来阿弥陀如来、不空成就如来和大日如来,对应于胎藏界中台五佛。
  五智即代表五部金刚部、宝部、莲花部、竭磨部、佛部。第九庵摩罗识转化为法界体性智,第八阿赖耶识转化为大圆镜智,第七末那识转化为平等性智,第六意识转化为妙观察智,前五识共同转化为成所作智(即转识成智)
若在瑜伽观想中,则佛部属于脐(脐莲花轮白色),金刚部属于心(心莲花轮红色),宝部属于脐下(座莲花轮金色),莲花部属于顶(顶莲花轮青色),竭磨部属喉(喉莲花轮墨绿色);大日如来为常住清净妙法身,阿閦如来属于自性法身,宝生如来为他受用身,不空成就如来为变化身;
  依照发心直至成佛过程,从东南西北到中央,依次表示通达菩提心,修菩提心,成金刚心,证金刚身和佛身圆满;代表五佛智慧轮身的,依次为金刚萨埵、金刚藏王、文殊师利(或者观音)、金刚牙;
  五佛各有教令轮身:大日为不动明王,阿閦为降三世明王,宝生为军荼利明王,弥陀为大威德明王,不空为金刚夜叉明王
在护摩修法中如果欲调服魔怨则修降三世明王法,如果欲增益则修军荼利明王法,如果欲求敬爱则修大威德明王法或者孔雀明王法,如果欲钩召有情则修金刚夜叉法,如果欲息灾则修不动明王法。
  凡夫之九识,可成如来之五智。但此五智,不过一如来智慧之分为五分而已。实际上,五智必归合为一如来智,且随举一智,其他之四智,亦包含在内。
  金胎两部曼荼罗,各有五佛,即金刚界,中央五大月轮中,有大日、阿閦、宝生、无量寿、不空成就五佛。胎藏界,中台八叶院,有大日、宝幢、开敷华王、无量寿、天鼓雷音五佛。如是五尊,均表五智。大日如来五智具足,其余之四佛,亦各具五智。如是重重无尽。
Link: http://baike.baidu.com/view/1024119.htm

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